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Central precocious puberty (CPP)

Central precocious puberty (CPP) is a rare disorder described in the medical literature with low prevalence and variable expression.

Prevalence

<1 / 10 000

20,000–23,000

US Estimated

25,000–30,000

Europe Estimated

Age of Onset

Childhood

ICD-10

E30.1

Inheritance Pattern

This condition does not have a clear pattern of inheritance

5 Facts you should know

FACT

1

CPP is gonadotropin-dependent—unlike peripheral precocious puberty (PPP), which results from autonomous sex steroid production.

FACT

2

Up to 80–90% of CPP in girls has no identifiable cause, whereas ~40–60% of cases in boys have an underlying CNS lesion or genetic cause.

FACT

3

Common secondary causes include hypothalamic hamartoma, CNS tumors, radiation, trauma, or CNS malformations.

FACT

4

Pathogenic variants in MKRN3, DLK1, and KISS1/KISS1R genes are increasingly recognized as causes of familial or sporadic CPP.

FACT

5

Progressive breast development, rapid linear growth, and advanced bone age distinguish true CPP from benign variants like premature thelarche.

Interest over time

Google searches

Central precocious puberty is also known as...

Central precocious puberty is also known as:

  • CPP
  • True precocious puberty

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Common signs & symptoms

Early breast development in girls

Early testicular and penile enlargement in boys

Rapid linear growth and advanced bone age

Body odor, acne, and mood changes

Current treatments

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists

Continuous monitoring of growth, bone age, and hormone levels

Addressing underlying causes, if present

See full disease profile