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Adrenal insufficiency
Adrenal insufficiency (also known as Addison's disease) is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal glands, causing adrenal insufficiency
Prevalence
1-5 / 10 000
33,100-165,500
US Estimated
51,350-256,750
Europe Estimated
Age of Onset
ICD-10
E27.1
Inheritance
This condition does not appear to have a clear pattern of inheritance.
Rare View
A condition where the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones, particularly cortisol, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and low blood pressure. It requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
5 Facts you should know
FACT
Symptoms generally come on slowly and may include abdominal pain and gastrointestinal abnormalities, weakness, and weight loss
FACT
Other major symptoms include fatigue, gastrointestinal abnormalities, and pigmentation
FACT
It occurs most frequently in middle-aged females
FACT
Increased excretion of water and hypotension can lead to dehydration, some people have cravings for salty foods due to the loss of sodium
FACT
Severe infections, vomiting, or diarrhea can precipitate an Addisonian crisis
Interest over time
Common signs & symptoms
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Abdominal pain
Mood or behavior changes
Dark patches of skin (hyperpigmentation)
Muscle weakness or pain
Dehydration
Low blood pressure
Current treatments
Treatment for Adrenal insufficiency is focused on managing the symptoms. Treatment may include daily medicines that replace the adrenal hormones. Treatment for an adrenal crisis may include intravenous hydrocortisone, fluids, and electrolytes, as well as drugs that normalize blood pressure. People with Adrenal insufficiency should carry a medical ID that states the disease and emergency instructions. Specialists involved in the care of someone with Adrenal insufficiency may include:
Endocrinologist
Radiologist
Immunologist
Top Clinical Trials
| Title | Description | Phases | Status | Interventions | More Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Once-daily Oral Modified Release Hydrocortisone in Patients With Adrenal Insufficiency | This is a randomised, controlled, open, two-armed, two-period cross-over, multi-centre phase II/III study to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of once-daily oral modified-release hydrocortisone in comparison to conventional thrice-daily oral hydrocortisone tablets in patients with adrenal insufficiency | PHASE2|PHASE3 | COMPLETED | DRUG: hydrocortisone (modified release), oral tablet 20 and 5 mg|DRUG: Hydrocortisone, oral tablet, 10 mg | More info |
| Chronocort Versus Plenadren Replacement Therapy in Adults With Adrenal Insufficiency | This study is a double-blind, double-dummy, two-way cross-over, randomised, Phase II study to be conducted at approximately 6 investigational sites in 2 countries. The study will compare the efficacy, safety and tolerability of twice daily Chronocort, a modified-release hydrocortisone, with once daily Plenadren, a modified-release hydrocortisone, over a treatment period of up to 2 months in participants aged 18 years and over, diagnosed with primary Adrenal Insufficiency (AI). | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | DRUG: Chronocort|DRUG: Plenadren | More info |
| A Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Leriglitazone in Adult Male Subjects With Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy | A Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Leriglitazone in Adults Male Subjects with Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy. | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | DRUG: Leriglitazone|DRUG: Placebo | More info |
| Study to Assess PXL065 in Subjects With Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Form of X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD or ALD) | A randomized open-label Phase 2a study to assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic parameters of PXL065 after 12 weeks of treatment in male subjects with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN). | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | DRUG: PXL065 | More info |
| A Study to Evaluate Administration of SBT101 Gene Therapy in Adult Patients With Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) | This is a Phase 1/2 randomized, blinded, dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intrathecal (IT) administration of SBT101, a recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) containing a functional copy of the human adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter subfamily D member 1 (ABCD1; hABCD1) gene, in adult patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) aged 18-65 years. Patients will receive a single dose of SBT101 via IT route (or an imitation procedure) and will be followed for safety and efficacy for 2 years. Patients receiving SBT101 will be followed for an additional 3 years (5 total) for Safety. Patients receiving an imitation procedure will be offered the opportunity to receive SBT101 after 2 years, as data indicate. | PHASE1|PHASE2 | RECRUITING | GENETIC: SBT101|PROCEDURE: Imitation Procedure | More info |
| Study to Assess PXL770 in Subjects With Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Form of X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD or ALD) | A randomized open-label Phase 2a study to assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic parameters of PXL770 after 12 weeks of treatment in male subjects with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN). | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | DRUG: PXL770 | More info |